Inpatient Obstetric Nurse (NCC) Practice Exam

Persistent late decelerations in fetal heart rate (FHR) during episodes of maternal blood loss indicate fetal anemia and hypoxia. Late decelerations are a sign that the fetus is experiencing a decrease in oxygen supply, particularly associated with diminished blood flow or placental insufficiency. When maternal blood loss occurs, it can reduce the amount of blood and oxygen delivered to the fetus, leading to a drop in the fetal heart rate that occurs after a contraction peak.

This physiological response suggests that the fetus is not receiving adequate oxygen, which can result in a compromised state. The interpretation of late decelerations as signs of fetal distress alerts healthcare providers to the potential for more serious complications, making it crucial to assess and intervene to ensure the safety and well-being of both the mother and the fetus. Therefore, recognizing these signs helps in managing the situation effectively and aids in making timely clinical decisions, such as considering further monitoring or intervention.